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The World Bank Economic Review Advance Access originally published online on June 16, 2009
The World Bank Economic Review 2009 23(2):209-233; doi:10.1093/wber/lhp005
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Does Education Affect HIV Status? Evidence from five African Countries

Damien de Walque

Damien de Walque (corresponding author) is an economist in the Development Research Group at the World Bank.

Correspondence: his email address is ddewalque{at}worldbank.org

JEL codes: I12, O12, O15

Data from the first five Demographic and Health Surveys to include HIV testing for a representative sample of the adult population are used to analyze the socioeconomic correlates of HIV infection and associated sexual behavior. Emerging from a wealth of country relevant results, some important findings can be generalized. First, successive marriages are a significant risk factor. Second, contrary to prima facie evidence, education is not positively associated with HIV status. However, schooling is one of the most consistent predictors of behavior and knowledge: education level predicts protective behaviors such as condom use, use of counseling and testing, discussion of AIDS between spouses, and knowledge about HIV/AIDS, but it also predicts a higher level of infidelity and a lower level of abstinence.


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