© 1988 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
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Nutrients: Impacts and Determinants
Jere R. Behrman is a professor of economics at the University of Pennsylvania. Anil B. Deolalikar is a visiting associate professor of economics at Harvard University. Barbara L. Wolfe is an associate professor of economics and preventive medicine at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. They thank the Population Council Research Program on Fertility Determinants, funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health for research support for the underlying studies.
Understanding the determinants of nutrient intake and the influence of nutrition on performance is critical in designing policies to alleviate hunger and malnutrition. A series of studies undertaken by the authors, which are synthesized here, analyzes the influence of prices, income, and women's schooling on the nutrient intake of those in developing countries and the effect of nutrition on health, productivity, wages, and fertility. These studies suggest that the impact of food price increases may be strong, particularly among those with the lowest incomes, that the growth of income may be less likely to improve nutrient intake than has been suggested by others, and that women's schooling is important in improving nutrition. These studies also indicate that nutrition exerts a positive influence on wages, productivity, and fertility. Our limited knowledge of the role and determinants of nutrition is reflected in the finding of unduly strong effects of seasonality on price-nutrition relations and the lack of a direct association between nutrition and health.
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